Sociology of Food in USA

Sociology of Food in USA Sociology of food in USA INTRODUCTION Man and food have close association with one another and this association has also compelled the man to find new means and new forms of food, to bring diversity and sustainability in their food chain. Initially the food was only grown like vegetables and fruits or was got, in the form of meat, of hunting animals. With the progress in civilization and the technology, all phenomenon of production, distribution and consumption changed and with this change raised the issue like health, ethical, environmental, labor and the cultural. When these issues came into focus, the whole scenario brought the field of sociology of food. This field helps to study how the food is currently produced, then goes to the line of distribution and how the people around the country or the world consume it. Along with all other factors, this whole process of food chain also has the social impact and this impact can affect the society in a number of ways. Here, we will discuss the sociology of food in USA and h ow it is creating social problems. OBJECTIVE PRESENTATION OF THE SOCIAL CONDITION In the countries like America, it is not an ancient thought that food used to be cooked at home and was considered as the item that connects the family together and helps them to sit together and interact with each other. It was once the preference that food should be prepared at home and the preparation of food itself required a lot of fresh ingredients and specially loves. After the industrial revolution, along with other concepts, the idea of food as the bonding force also changed. Industrial revolution not only increased the speed of progress in science and technology, but also, altered the pace of life. Industrial revolution also gave the opportunity to work, therefore, most of the members of the family started working. People became busy in earning money and cooking meals at home became difficult for the people and as a result the food industry progressed to an extent that it has taken the place in every home of United States. Food production, distribution and consumption have become one of the biggest industries not only in United States, but, all over the world. SUBJECTIVE PRESENTATION OF WHY THE SOCIAL CONDITION IS A SOCIAL PROBLEM Although we are now living in the society which revolves around becoming self-sufficient and economically stable, therefore, people have to spend more time at workplaces, thus, decreasing the time people used to spend their time. Most of that time was centered on making and feeding family members. The abundance of readymade food including: fast food drinks and junk food provided a lot of solutions for the people. Food is an important source to create connections and it is considered that cooking and serving proper meals reestablishes and reinforces the bond between different members of the family and helps them to send time with one another (Debevec and Tivadar). Taking, cooking of food out of our daily lives is causing a lot of social issues, that dominating our way of living and relationships. Food Production Five decades back, the production of food had never been an issue. Countries usually depended on their own main crops to meet the needs of their population, but, with the passes of time, transportation, technology, wealth and prosperity of some countries gave those changes to get more and better food for their population. One example is that Asian countries are acquiring land in African countries. This method of production, in foreign countries is to meet the increasing need of the Asian countries to fulfill the demand of the food, due to increase in population in urban areas. This will not only create social issue for the people of African countries, but, also in the countries this food is consumed because the excessive export of the crops of African countries will put pressure on the society because people will not be able to benefit from their own land, thus creating social distress. Also, the people in Asian countries, who will be consuming those products, will have to pay more f or it due to increase in cost due to transportation. Thus, a social divide will occur because people of middle and lower classes will have to pay more, even beyond their means, to get the articles of basic need (Gunasekera and Finnigan). Secondly, with the advancement of technology, transgenic technology is used to genetically modified crops or the improved crops. This technology is used all over the world, but, still there are societies which consider them against their beliefs and system. There are societies who collectively thing that producing food by introducing foreign agent into the original form might have negative impact on the health of the people and the originality of the crops. People believe that since all the crops grown naturally are the best form of the food and it is not for the benefit of society to genetically enhance the food and increase production, which might compromise the health of the people, which will ultimately reflect on society (Akumo and Riedel). Thi rdly, sustainability has also become an important issue in food production. With increase in population, demand of dietary products and meat has increased and in order to meet the needs several scientific methods are used. Eight hundred million people in the world are suffering from malnutrition, whereas, nearly four hundred million people are obese. The increase in prosperity and population has increased the demand of these products, but, in order to raise more meat giving animals, more water and food for them is needed. This causes an imbalance in the environment because there is already sacristy of the water and the food of these animals need to grow and this excessive requirement compels humans to use unnatural ways to grow food and even increase the speed of growth of animals. Demand of these food items has increased, but, so does their price and the prices of these products are getting out of reach of common people, especially in underdeveloped countries. This also crease soci al imbalance and the working class again has to suffer due to lack of finances. (Reisch and Eberle) Food Distribution Food distributions systems work as the network and distribute food products all over the country. The supply of food actually depends on the demand of the product in a certain area, but, certain food items are produced that may be demanded in different markets comprising of variety of social classes and this different in social status may also affect the availability of the product. The availability of these products is also dependent on the purchasing power of the customer. There the distribution is also affected by this, thus making these products unavailable to the lower class (FAO). The main issue associated with the distribution systems is that there are very less number of markets that sell their products locally. Since, these products are sent to other towns and cities, thus increasing the price of the product. The excessive spending on distribution and the money spent on advertising is received from the consumer, which again impacts the working class of the society (Martinez, Hand and Pra). The people who used to come at the churches pantry to get food have increased three times since 2008. But, the amount of food that was distributed to these services has decreased due to decrease in budget. Thus this uneven supply of food to these church services have put the pressure to the churches to feed the peed that are deserving and are dependent on them. Uneven distribution of food and makes people unable to purchase their own food (Greenberg, Greenberg and Mazza). Food Consumption The consumption of the food is greatly influenced by the income of the consumer. The families that have better income spend a lot of money on food and especially on fancy and expensive food items. Therefore, a social divide is also created and the food items are produced which can only be consumed by the people who are financially stable (Jappelli and Pistaferri). Due to busy lifestyles the eating out and consuming readymade food is increasing rapidly in the country. Although, research show that the food that is made and eaten at home has good health and social effects. At the dinner table, family get the chance to interact with each other, develop better relationship and come to know about lives of one another, thus creating better family bond and increasing harmony in the society (Eisenberg, Olson and Neumark-Sztainer). Since the people consume a lot of food outside, therefore, their choice of food is also affected by the people around them. People who eat at the public places usua lly eat unhealthy and fatty food and most of the times they spend more money, than their average spending, this results in compromised health and finances. The obese and financially unstable people further affects the balance of the society (Mcferran, Dahl and Fitzsimons). SOCIAL CHANGE Food production industry has changed its shaped since last eight decades and now everything that was considered the specialty of home foods come in packing. Income has increased the demand for expensive food items and the food market has become global. All these factors are affecting the society because transportation from far off places makes, even the most common things expensive, thus making it expensive for major portion of society. This problem can be reduced by introduced more local markets and by promoting local products. Moreover, alternative products to protein like second level protein should be encouraged and produced, to meet the needs of the people. Pulses can also serve as the alternative source for protein; therefore, producing this item can help in achieving sustainability in food chain. Food distribution has always been the issue all over the world, but, now we come to see even the global distribution of food. Now even the food of Sydney can reach any part of the world. Still there are countries that are facing uneven distribution of food resulting on malnutrition. Uneven distribution is also due to the uneven incomes of different segments of the society. Also different markets have different prices of same item and even. This problem can be solved by introducing centralized distribution system and centralized pricing. These systems can even help the working class to afford all things and everything can become available to everyone, irrespective of the social class. Also, this centralized system will be helpful in ensuring that every member of the society is equally treaty and has access to everything he needs. The consumption of food can only be controlled by the consumer. The most important should be the heath of the customer, for which customer should take balanced diet and this diet could help to give better and healthy people to the society. People should also, consider the effect of decrease in family meal on their social and family life.. There should be balance in work and family life and the increase in social distress can be caused if this balance is disturbed. Although, it is easier and simpler to get the food from restaurants, but, restaurants cannot compensate for the love of the family and communication with family members. Also, most of the times, the food consumed outside is unhealthy and unhygienic, that can result in a health issue, will demand money for seeing a physician and will put extra pressure on the finances. The government should also conduct awareness programs about the importance of meals made at home and the significance of balanced diet. CONCLUSION Sociology of food is an important topic and sociology of food in USA is also. Three different aspects of food chain: production, distribution and consumption. There are a number of social issues in all three aspects and the most prominent ones are due to uneven income of different segments of the society. So, in order to meet the most common needs of all the people, it is important to have if not centralized then controlled system that can ensure that all markets have same price. Moreover, the consumption of the food should also be according to the needs of the body and excessive or unbalanced. A lot work has to be done to the sociology of food in United States in all three areas i..e production, distribution and consumption. Works Cited Akumo, Divine Nkonyam and Heidi Riedel. Social and Economic Issues – Genetically Modified Food. Muzzalupo, Innocenzo. Food Industry. InTech, 2013. 221-229. Debevec, Liza and Blanka Tivadar. Making connections through foodways:contemporary issues in anthropological and sociological studies of food. ANTHROPOLOGICAL NOTEBOOKS, 12 (1) (2006): 5–16. Eisenberg, M.E., et al. Correlations between family meals and psychosocial well-being among adolescents. The Archives of Pediatricsand Adolescent Medicine, 158 (2004): 792-796. FAO. Low-cost Urban Food Distribution Systems in Latin America. FAO Agricultural Services Bulltin, 111 (1994): 40-48. Greenberg, Michael, Gwendolyn Greenberg and Lauren Mazza. Food Pantries, Poverty, and Social Justice. American ournal of Public Health 100(11) (2010): 2021-2022. Gunasekera, Don and John Finnigan. Track social and economic impacts of food production. Naure, 466(920 (2010): 558-560. Jappelli, Tullio and Luigi Pistaferri. The Consumption Response to Income Changes. The Annual Review of Economics (2010): 476-506. Martinez, Steve, Michael Hand and Michelle Da Pra. Local Food Systems: Concepts, Impacts, and issues. Research. 2010. Mcferran, Brent, Darren W. Dahl and Gavan J. Fitzsimons. I’ll Have What She’s Having: Effects of Social Influence and Body Type on the Food Choices of Others. Journal of Consumer Research,36(6) (2009): 915-959. Reisch, Lucia and Ulrike Eberle. Sustainable food consumption: an overview of contemporary issues and policies. Sustainability: Science, Practice, Policy, 9(2) (2013): 7-25.

The Program of the National Socialist German Workers Party :: Nazi Germany Hitler Jewish Essays

The Program of the National Socialist German Workers' Party Germany under the rule of the National Socialist German Workers’ Party believed they were superior to the peoples of all other nations and all individual efforts were to be performed for the betterment of the German State. Germany’s loss in World War I resulted in the Peace Treaty of Versailles, which created tremendous economic and social hardships on Germany. Germany had to make reparations to the Allied and Associated Governments involved in World War I. As a result, Adolf Hitler gradually embarked upon his rise to power in Germany creating the National Socialist German Workers’ Party. As part of the surrender terms of World War I, Germany was forced to sign the Peace Treaty of Versailles, which held Germany responsible for the war. The country went bankrupt, millions of Germans were without work and food, and the nation was in despair and turmoil. Adolf Hitler’s rise to power began during these very difficult economic and social times. In the fall of 1 919, Hitler began to attend meetings of a small nationalist group called the German Workers’ Party. Hitler soon took control over the group and renamed it the National Socialist German Workers’ Party. The group later became known as the Nazi Party. The Nazis called for the union into one nation of all Germans. They demanded that citizens of non-German descent or of the Jewish religion be deprived of German citizenship and also called for the annulment of the Peace Treaty of Versailles. These demands were the primary cause for the Nazi Party to compose the document The Program of the National Socialist German Workers’ Party in 1920. Hitler blamed the Jews for the evils of the world. He believed a democracy would lead to communism. Therefore, in Hitler’s eyes, a dictatorship was the only way to save Germany from the threats of communism and Jewish treason. The Program of the National Socialist German Workers’ Party was the instrument for the Nazis to convince the German people to put Hitler into power. Point one of the document states, â€Å"We demand the union of all Germans in a great Germany on the basis of the principle of self-determination of all peoples.† 1 This point explicates the Nazi proposition that Germany will only contain German citizens and also, that these citizens would display his or her self-determination towards Germany to the fullest.

Importance of Games and Sports

Posted in Essays, Paragraphs and Articles by Anurag Roy On August 27, 2013.There goes a good proverb—†All work and no play makes Jack a dull boyâ€Å".Games and sports are not only important for success in studio but it is important for success in every walks of our life. Games and sports include all outdoor and indoor games and also athletics. In ancient Greece they formed the principal part of education. In the advanced countries of the present day also they are a regular feature of the school and college curriculum.Games and sports may be of various kinds. Apart from school or college sports, boys and girls may practice races, jumps, discuss throw and javelin throw and thus pass their afternoon in useful activities. They may play various games like football, cricket, hockey, volleyball, basket ball, badminton etc.School and College Games and sports are annual affairs. Sports are generally held in winter months. Students take part in various games like high and long j umps, pole vault, go-as-you like and different kind of races. These annual sports foster competitive spirit and sportsmanship. Sometimes inter class tournaments are held in relation with football, hockey, cricket, tennis, cycling, volleyball, badminton etc. These games foster team spirit among the participants and make them disciplined.The importance of games and sports can never be minimizedFirst of all, they are good exercises and help to build fine, physique for the boys and girls. They make them mentally alert and physically strong. Secondly, students learn to cope with difficult situations. By displaying their feats before many spectators, they can overcome their nervousness. Thirdly, games and sports are good diversions and give them energy to learn their lessons well. For these reasons, every civilized nation values the importance of games and sports and spends large sum of money on improving the standard of games and sports among its players and athletes. The standard of gam es and sports in India is far from satisfactory. So, the  Government should take steps to improve this standard. Importance Of Games And Sports Survival and success of man has always depended upon his mental and physical energy. History tells us that only those nations could enjoy supremacy over others which more powerful and more active than their rivals. Therefore to develop standard of physical fitness nations of the world gave due importance to sports and games. In ancient Greece, such festivals were regularly held in which events of sports and games were arranged. The present day Olympic Games are conducted in the memory of Olympiads of the ancient Greece.Today in the modern age the importance of sports and games is much more than it was in the past. The impact of machine growing comforts of life, sports and games provide us the opportunities of physical exercise along with enjoyment. It is obvious that healthy individuals make a healthy nation and nobody can deny that, â€Å"Health is wealth† Every school and college has its sports day when annual competition in the games and sports are held. There are cricket c lubs, hockey associations, swimming clubs, boating clubs, football clubs and athletic forces of the country sports and games hold an unrivaled place.Also, the general population displays a keen interest in sports and games, The sports are popular among all classes of people; the reason is that sports influence a man physically and mentally as well as morally. In all kind of sports, the muscles of the body are engaged and so the body is developed. Different organs of the body are given exercise and as a result, eyes become sharper’ hearing is made keener and so on. It is quite obvious how sports influence the body but sports do much more. As Hippocrates said, â€Å"sport is a preservor of health†Playing games and sports has important advantages in a way that it socializes our lives. For example, when people intend to play basketball, they do it in groups. That will give them team spirit and a chance to identify each other very well and make friendships and relationships . So it is true that any of sports and games has advantages, since they decrease the stress, teach us skills that we need, satisfy us, and socialize our lives. And to get the most of the benefits, they should be practiced daily.

Essay on Leibniz The Father of Modern Calculus - 1208 Words

Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz is an important figure in the history of philosophy and mathematics. Although his work was not fully appreciated during his day, he did much to advance the quot;thinkingquot; on a variety of subjects. His fame was scarred by the infamous controversy with Isaac Newton on the subject of the discoverer of calculus. Leibnizs work encompassed a wide scope, ranging from philosopy to politics to mechanics and mathematics, but his most noteworthy accomplishment was the discovery of differential calculus and its highly efficient notation. Leibniz was born July 1, 1646 in Leipzig, Germany into a family of renowned scholars. His father, Friedrich Leibniz, was a professor of philosophy at the University of†¦show more content†¦After his thesis was rejected by the University of Leipzig, Leibniz pursued alchemy and magic at N#252;rnberg. To add to that, Leibniz made an attempt at becoming a diplomat. This ambitious man made several efforts to reunite the Protestant and Catholic Church. He also tried to persuade Louis XIV to attack Egypt instead of German areas. In the end, these efforts were fruitless. Leibniz had other aspirations and founded the Academy of Berlin. He also was quot;consulted about the foundation of the academies of Vienna and St. Petersburgquot; (Broad 3). During his later years, Leibniz attained the position of librarian of the Duke of Brunswick. Lastly, Leibniz was also quite advanced as an engineer. His most prominent invention was the mechanical calculating machine. Other assignme nts include windmills, pumps, and gears, which he designed by for government projects. Leibnizs principal area of expertise was his philosophy. He published many books and papers on his view of the world and its truths. One of his key concepts was the monad. A monad is the most basic quot;elementquot; of matter according to Leibniz. Everything was made up of monads and each varied according to function. This concept was published in Th#233;odic#233;e in 1710, quot;a philosophical work intended to tackle the problem of evil in a world created by a good Godquot; (OConnor and Robertson). In it, he also described this universe as imperfect otherwiseShow MoreRelatedThe Discovery Of Calculus : Newton And Gottfried Von Leibniz Essay1465 Words   |  6 Pagesthe controversy of the discovery of Calculus. In the 1600s, two men, Isaac Newton and Gottfried von Leibniz both began the study of differential and integral Calculus. During the 17th century, plagiarism was an extremely serious offense and second inventors were often put in the position to defend their right to th e topic and against suspicion. 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Leonard Euler further developed calculus; Euler contributed â€Å"to number theory [and] introduced many notational forms still in use—e for natural logarithms, fand parenthesesRead MoreEssay on The Contributions of Isaac Newton973 Words   |  4 PagesHe was born the same day that Galileo Galilei died. His step- father died a couple months before he was born, and 2 years later his mother marries a well-to-do minister by the name of Barnabas Smith. Newtons mother, Hannah, soon left her son with his grandmother in order to start a new life with her husband. Due to his traumatic past at an early age, Newton showed signs of psychotic tendencies. Later on his step-father died and Hannah wanted Newton to manage the considerable amountRead MoreThe Life and Times of Sir Isaac Newton Essay1609 Words   |  7 Pagesbecause his biological father died three months before he was born. Then, his mother remarried and left him to be raised by his grandparents. It was not until 1661, when Newton started studying at Cambridge University, that Newton took an interest in math and science. Then, in 1665, Newton was forced to go home because of an epidemic outbreak. During his time away from school, Newton started studying optics, math, and gravity. In addition, he started to create Calculus. Newton was allowed toRead MoreEssay on The Male Ego and the Perception of Women in Science1022 Words   |  5 Pagescenter of intellectual life. Both the Lady Anne and Sarah Anne started their education with their brothers and then surpassed their brothers. The countess book, The Principles of the Most Ancient and Modern Philosophy, which profoundly influenced Leibniz, 18th century thinking, and modern science, was credited to von Helmont. Von Helmont had, after the countess death, returned to Europe with most of her papers and notebooks and published them. Even though Liebniz gave the countess the credit