Contrast Studying Alone to Studying in a Group Essay

Do you like to study alone or study in a group? Maybe some people will like to study alone, and other people will like to study in a group. Like studying alone, studying in a group will make you learn a lot of new things. Then studying alone and studying in a group can help you to gain knowledge and renew you information. Although they have some similarities, they still have some differences. Studying in a group makes your study easier, spends you time less, and makes you more actively. First, studying in a group will make your study easier. Studying alone and studying in a group have different styles. If you study in a group, you may have some co-workers. If you can’t understand or answer the questions, those co-workers will help you to resolve the problems. This kind of study style will make your study easier. In contrast, If you study alone and have some questions, you can not easy to find someone to help you. You may feel alone and helpless. Therefore, although you can study in any of these two ways, you will feel more helpful when you study in a group. Second, studying in a group will spend your time less. When you study, you may want to spend less time learning more things. These two ways will bring different outcome. Studying in a group means you and others people work together, and all of you need to think about the same problems. You can devide one work from different parts, of the work. You will finish the job more quickly. In contrast, when you study alone, you have to finish your work by yourself. You will take more time to finish it. Therefore, studying in a group can save you time on study. Finally, studying in a group will make you more actively. Whatever studying alone or studying in a group, you want to learn. When you work with others, you will get some information from others. At this time, you will think about their idea and absorb the good things from them. In contrast, when you study alone, you just know what you think and can not improve from others. When you study, you just study what you have known. Therefore, studying in a group will improve and increase your thinking. To sum up, studying in a group can make your study easier, spend your time less, and make you more actively. These two ways both can help you to study. Sometimes, studying in a group will help you a lot; sometimes, studying alone also can help you a lot. If you want to be a good student, you can choose these tow ways to use in different time. You will get help from these two ways.

Sales and Inventory Systems

Yakult was introduced to the Philippines in 1978. Its popularity among Filipinos has significantly grown in the past 33 years. There are two main companies in the Philippines, the Yakult Philippines Incorporated (YPI) and Yakult Marketing Corporation (YMC). Yakult Philippines Incorporated (YPI), an independent company, is a manufacturer and wholesale retailer of Yakult products from Yakult Honsha Co. LTD Japan with a joint venture and shares of investment of 60% for Filipinos and 40% for the Japanese investors.The factory is located in Barrio Makiling, Calamba, Laguna. They have twenty-five distributors from Luzon to Mindanao, supplying the whole country especially wholesale clients. The Yakult Marketing Corporation (YMC) retails their products and incorporates the Yakult Lady System that started in Metro Manila and NCR, then adapted by distributors all over the country. The Prohealth Sales Distributor Corporation which is the exclusive Yakult distributor in La Union started its oper ation in March 15, 2004.The Company orders its stocks from the Yakult Philippines Incorporated (YPI) and also adapted the Yakult Lady system of the Yakult Marketing Corporation (YMC). There are three branches in La Union and the Main Office is located in Bauang, La Union. The other branches are in Agoo which started in 2005 and Bangar that recently opened last 2011. The Main office receives the stocks ordered from YPI, and then distributes it to the other two branches.For the wholesale, the main office sells the product to all establishments that intend to resell the product. They deliver the products depending on the order or demand of the client. Every day, the main office deliver stocks to the Yakult Ladies, some just go directly to the main office to pay the stocks unpaid so that they can order again. There is an official receipt issued by the main office to the Yakult Ladies that is being manually recorded in order to make the daily sales and collection report at the end of the day.Making the sales report for the Yakult Ladies is a part of the motivational factor, for them to know how much they profit or loss of income and why their sales are going down. It will also become the basis of the company for how much promotional support they will give on the month of December in terms of gifts and other benefits. All the three branches make the daily sales report, the branch in Agoo and Bangar upload and send its reports in the main office in order to be compiled in the Main office. The sales report is made by the company’s secretary, and then thoroughly checked y the supervisor. The computation of the sales report is made in order to compute the sales and profit of the company. The inventory count of stocks must tally onto the sales report in order for the company to monitor the number of stocks distributed day by day. If the sales report and inventory count did not tally, then the processes must be repeated until they meet tally. Hence, the study was p roposed to help the processes in Prohealth Distributor Sales Corporation easier, faster and to refrain from human error.Due to growing number of employees, the sale monitoring system if done manually was a lot to handle and time consuming. They need a computerized sales monitoring and inventory system that will make the computation tasks faster. Aside from its accuracy, the proposed system also aims to enhance and provide a better way to store information in a secured manner. The study will be implemented first in the Main Office of the Prohealth Sales Distributor Corporation La Union in order to pilot test the system software being proposed.

What is the Vatican II?

Vatican II is the last ecumenical council that the Roman Catholic Church had. It is the only council that the Church organized for the past century up to now. Ecumenical councils are held every time the Church feels there are things to be settled within its institution. It is attended by Bishops around the world. Not to be mislead by its name, Vatican II is not a continuation of Vatican I; rather, it is a new council dedicated to resolving new issues. Since this council is held almost half a century ago, maybe it is about time for the Church to finally hold another one, not necessarily to settle new issues, but just to check the overall status of the Christian world, especially with the advent of stem cell research and the continuing issues of birth control. Besides, things today are definitely different from what they were forty or fifty years ago. The council of Vatican II focused on issues on liturgy, the Church, scripture and divine revelation, and the role of the Bishops. The council produced documents regarding these topics, plus twelve more topics that they discussed in the council. Contrary to the previous councils which were held primarily because of the rise of false teachings, the Vatican II did not focus on persecuting heretic teachings. Thus, this council is probably the first of its kind.

Course of Action for Owens Corning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Course of Action for Owens Corning - Essay Example This meant the company had to develop new IS capabilities and also to plan for a strong IS human resources management. It was also found that when the staffs were getting trained in SAP their requirements outside was very attractive and people were moving out of the company. Â  At the planned implementation time, the first release was done - October 1995. Second and third releases identified training as a major lacuna during the implementation phase which cost them quite some time and efforts. Not just teaching the computers and PC operation but also processes that are being adopted by the company. Release 4 was the SAP R/3 roll out at the Roof and Asphalt plants a total of 140 units where this was to be switched on by Mar 1997. This was to be followed closely by the other units of insulation and composites of North America. But then there were lots of issues relating to bugs in SAP, attrition among people and a swift implementation of switching it all on at the same time. From our analysis, we find that the issue is one of staged implementation and now they need to take a measure of putting unit after unit in order and lessons learned in one place could go on to help the rest. A plan to put all these in a phased manner needs to be worked out and implem ented with the same vigor when it was started in 1994. Â  Owens Corning was swiftly growing with its new acquisitions and there was an ongoing incorporation of new technologies that improved their working situation and the profitability of the company. The Roof and Asphalt plants divisions of OC were just over 80 units strong and the implementation of SAP R/3 was to happen in these. But the rapidly changing scenario and the acquisitions of units caused a number of changes in the company resulting in the implementation of SAP R/3 for R&A divisions alone at more than 140 locations. All this meant that the exercise is going to get tougher than planned.

Engineering hero of your choice Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Engineering hero of your choice - Assignment Example The great hero started his engineering career by being an employee with different companies located in California and in these companies he was working the projects of creating life support systems that were based on the lunar module and the development of moon vehicle. After his early career operations, he started working on the Space Shuttle program for the company named Morton Thiokol. Boisjoly is recognized as an engineering hero not only because of his work, but even because of the purpose behind his great findings which could have saved important lives and heavy capital losses. On the date of 28th January, 1986, it was decided that the Space Shuttle Challenger mission was to take place but the mission was contradicted by Boisjoly and his colleagues as the figured out that the mission would foil and result in heavy losses. He later took the matter to the people managing the company Morton Thiokol who even agreed that it would not be correct to continue with the mission and they decided to inform NASA about it. The company informed NASA about their concerns but later added that they were not completely sure that their findings will prove to be true or not and the mission was not aborted (Vaughan, 1990). As soon as the mission started taking place, all the findings of the great hero started proving correct. As soon as the shuttle was started, the O-rings started b urning and this caused the occurrence of black puff as seen on the tapes of the event. Later the shuttle started taking off, at that very moment, Boisjoly believed that he was wrong as the shuttle did not explode, but while the shuttle was in air, it exploded into pieces and proved the hero correct (Dalal, 1989). Although, Boisjoly conducted a courageous act of identifying the fault with the space shuttle and tried to save cost and life, he was looked down upon by

Monetary Policy and Its Implications in Belgium Research Paper

Monetary Policy and Its Implications in Belgium - Research Paper Example This meant that the signatories’ domestic currencies would not fluctuate against the Euro and each other. The Euro was initially launched as electronic money and eventually became a legal tender on 1st January the year 2002. The European Central Bank was tasked with the responsibility of implementing monetary policies on countries using the Euro (GunyeÃŒ  2004). One of the main reasons why the Euro was introduced was to provide a common currency that could be used all over Europe. It is important to note that European countries are small and trade with each other. A common currency would make trade between the European countries easier. This eliminated exchange rates that were a common hindrance to trade among the countries. The common currency was expected to be stronger than other currencies of the individual countries and this would have increased the competitiveness of exporters using the Euro. Since the Euro was incepted in the year 1999, it has remained fairly stable against the US dollar. The euro in 1999 would buy the US dollar at $1.18. This figure has since risen to $1.38. The lowest amount that the Euro has ever bought the US dollar is $0.82 and the highest ever level the Euro has ever bought the dollar remains at $1.60. Some of the member countries have been experiencing high labor costs and this has been affecting their export competitiveness in the market. In such a case a currency would devalue to solve the scenario. It is, however, impossible to devalue the Euro and this has led to major problems for countries like Greece, Portugal and Italy. This is due to the fact that they are experiencing a fall in exports. It is widely thought member countries are protected from financial crisis. However, this is not the case as Greece is experiencing a major financial crisis. The member countries are given less incentives to implement structural reform (The

WHAT ARE PROBLEMS FACED BY ASYLUM SEEKERS, NEWCOMERS AND REFUGEES Assignment

WHAT ARE PROBLEMS FACED BY ASYLUM SEEKERS, NEWCOMERS AND REFUGEES ARTISTS IN THE UNITED KINGDOM TO PRACTICE ART - Assignment Example The document discusses some of the traditions and laws in the UK that the refugees ride upon. In addition, it presents some of the policies and programs on the practice of art, as well as the challenges they face hitherto. Global activities have significantly affected the influx of refugees and asylums into the United Kingdom. For instance, from the years 2001 to 2005, there was an 85% increase in Afghanistan refugees, leading to a total of about 6% in the year 2006. The decrease coincided with the ‘war on terror’. The ‘United Nations High Commission for Refugees’ has reported a constant annual drop from 2002 in asylums seeking refuge in United Kingdom (Home Office, 2008). The UK has been a place of refuge for people escaping from their countries due to family relations, colonial links and the fairness in the UK’s legal system. In addition, the UK has been known to be friendly to newcomers. However, with the recent claims trying to taint its image, the UK has come up with some policies that deny asylum seekers and refugees access to essential services, but, has not restricted the number of people visiting it. The Labour government has come up with laws that give restri ctions to people going to seek for job opportunities in the UK. Nevertheless, the same law does not restrict the number of people seeking asylum in the United Kingdom. Mostly, people looking for asylums have gone through traumatic experiences in their mother countries; hence, need to find peace in the host country. However, in the UK, the process of applying for asylum takes quite long, from months to sometimes even years. Bearing in mind the kind of experience they underwent in their country, most of them face psychological and mental issues as they await acceptance into the host country, like the UK. The situation makes asylum seekers different from other immigrants (Merli, 2002:

Marine Cargo Surveyors Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Marine Cargo Surveyors - Research Paper Example Marine surveyors have invented their personal businesses, desiring to offer their services to a number of clients and to make sure they embrace fair views in their job. In addition, they rejoice and enjoy professional independence. But others are permanent employees of the marine insurers and their clients, thus enabling the vital mediators in damage claims. As far as their training services are concerned, marine surveyors normally join the field through apprenticeship or they achieve a diploma from a technical institution or professional association in marine surveying (United States Congress, 1860). Reasons of maritime cargo surveyors According to Davies M & Force R (2005), Marine surveyors carry out hull and machinery surveys, evaluate the sale and purchase of the ship, check the general and weather conditions of before shipment and arrival of the vessel. Involve in certifying reports and progress of marine consultants, examine the classification surveys, and carry out the investi gation and surveys of loss and damages. Generally, marine surveyors’ participation therefore has to seek without relaxation once damage or loss is recognized. Additionally, the surveyor must take pleasure in uninterfered access to the interest matter of claim to ensure he may arrange every required consultant with independent professionals. Consequently, cargo surveyors are meant to perform the activities such as cargo surveys and quality inspection, sampling, damage cargo survey, inspection of agriculture products, draft surveys, investigation of contamination and shortage of bulk cargo, and supervising offloading and loading of containerized cargo. Workings of maritime cargo surveyors Marine cargo surveyors read the documents of the vessels that set forward securing procedures and cargo loading, initiate stability factors, and capacities to determine cargo capabilities according to cargo regulations and design as suggested by Nichols & Williams (2008). Marine surveyors chec k loaded, secured cargo in holds and tied to decks to determine that relevant cargo handling regulations have been surveyed. They measures depth of water and fuel in tanks as well as ship holds by using tape measure, reed drafts markings, and sounding line to determine the depth of the ship. Moreover, for surveyors to determine the volume of stored water and fuel, hold capacities, vessel stability factors and weight of the cargo, they calculate it by using calculator and mathematical standard methods. In addition to that, they examine cargoes of maritime vessels to verify compliance with international and national safety and health regulations in cargo storage and handling. Marine surveyors also issues certificates of conformity when infringements are recognized. Give crew advises in the techniques of packing heavy and dangerous cargo, like shoring, extra support beams, and extra stronger lashings, according to the skills of hazards when ferrying explosives, grain, heavy machinery a nd logs. Lastly, thy examine information achieved from survey, documents reports of research, and prepares recommendations relating to the capacity of the ship, marine surveyors help in coroners’ inquiries and attend court cases as a professional witness. Ultimately, they examine the devices of cargo handling like hoists, boom

Finanical Accounting Concepts Phase 2 DB Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Finanical Accounting Concepts Phase 2 DB - Essay Example This is also the reason why the expense incurred on Furniture is not shown on the income statement, The expense incurred on the furniture ($1500) will be shown in reduced amounts for a period of years in subsequent income statements. The Income Statement reflects the inflow and outflow of expenses and revenues. However, the Owner’s equity statement is a statement that reflects the position of the owner’s capital in the business. Therefore it reflects the shares position, the kinds of shares (common, preferred or deferred preferred shares) and their distribution. However, a balance sheet is a comprehensive statement that reflects the financial position of a firm at the end of a financial year. While the Income statement shows mainly operating expenses and net revenues, the balance sheet is a summary of a Company’s entire financial condition at any given point of time, therefore it includes all assets of the Company, all liabilities and net worth. This statement also takes into account the ownership of non fluid assets and share ownership in the Company. Therefore, in a balance sheet, the accounting equation would be: Assets – Liabilities + Owner’s Equity. The Accounting Cycle includes the process of recording entries of receipts and expenses in a journal in chronological order according to dates. These entries are then posted to the ledger, both under debits and credits, under the appropriate account heading. The trial balance is then prepared to ensure that all debits are equal to all credits. Any errors or discrepancies are then resolved with individual journal entries, in order to yield the adjusted trial balance. This forms the basis for the preparation of the various kinds of financial statements, such as cash statements, income statements and balance sheets. The final steps in preparing these statements are in the posting of the closing entries and the preparation of the final

A comparative analysis of three leading english grammars Essay

A comparative analysis of three leading english grammars - Essay Example Most languages in Europe have some form of codification to the extent that such a record carries authority among native users on its conventions. The study of the rules governing the usage of the English language is called English grammar.Gowers' Modern English Usage was once popularly ascribed to but not many, even leading linguists, have a copy of this text. It can be considered that English is not typical as far as European languages go. It is the world's language, used by around 300 million second language speakers. It dominates the world's communications and is taught in almost every school worldwide. It is also the only language whose second-language speakers or non-native users far outnumber the native speakers. It is also the only language which can make millionaires out of its experts by writing books. The study of these rules may either be prescriptive or descriptive. Prescriptive grammars set rules for language. In descriptive grammar, the manner by which the language is w ritten or spoken is described.The English language is in some aspects quite simple. However, it can also be complex if not exasperating in its other characteristics. For example, English does not make use of grammatical gender. Its plurals and tenses are mostly regular. However, a unique feature of the language is that it employs the use of progressive tense (using -ing). This use of the progressive tense is unique although it is muted in its everyday use. This feature is a source of difficulty to some second-language speakers ... The differences among the various grammars of English is somewhat well-defined. The characteristics of Standard English are relatively clear. Standard English is spoken by around 10% of the population in the United Kingdom (Trudgill ). It is usually derived through formal school contexts. Standard English can also be combined with various accents including regional ones. The differences between Standard and Non-standard are minimal. These differences often involve a small proportion of the words in a passage, affecting only around twenty percent of specific areas of grammar. Non-standard English has many regional variations. An example is the difference between dialects which suppress subject-verb agreement favoring the -s form. An example of this is He like it in Wales in contrast to He likes it in Wales. There are also few gray areas in the definition of Standard, and the uncertainties that arise are specific and often affect the spoken form. Differentiating Descriptive and Prescriptive English There are now several English grammars and they are often classified as either descriptive or prescriptive, although others may have elements of both. The two types of grammars vary in the principles of how they are written. The descriptive and prescriptive approaches to Standard English grammar is the subject of much debate. New trends are also arising which has affected the way English is taught and used. Among these trends is the increasing codification of Standard English among non-native speakers. Ironically, the language is not codified for native speakers. However, this codification of English among native speakers may in the future become part of

Unifying Forces in East Asia and the role that Versailles Conference Essay

Unifying Forces in East Asia and the role that Versailles Conference played in the development of Asian nationalism - Essay Example In addition, its proximity in terms of geographical outlook has enabled it access its goods and services with a lot of ease. This is a sign of unity that is deeply rooted in the entire region of East Asia in terms of bringing new inventions and technological advancements, receiving information, and letting it be in a constant unity with its neighboring economies thorough getting involved in direct investments. As a result, it has been seen how a long-established flying geese, a form of monetary relations between Japan and East Asia, has ended up as a unifying factor of regionalization. East Asian Culture is further noted as a unifying factor. In this, one sees how common orientation Confucianism and, on the other hand, Buddhism are a unifying force amongst them. Other sub expanses within the East Asian communalities are deeply rooted in linguistic similarity as well as ethnic ties that join them together. Northern China, Southern Korea, Southern China, Taiwan, and Hong Kong amongst o ther East Asian countries have all embraced ethnicity as a unifying factor. They have a logic regional consciousness, mutual interest, identity and common destiny existing amongst them. These are amongst the unifying forces that have immensely tried to unify the entire East Asian communities. However, according to Calder (134-157), this is never the case between US and Japan, as he thinks that the relationship between the countries is deteriorating as they quest for global ambitions. Additionally, these communities have constructed a more articulate Pacific Regional identity, something that has been so significant in improving unity amongst the East Asian states. In another new look, development of Asian nationalisms was greatly influenced by Versailles Conference, a peace conference that was held in 1919. This conference took place after the war, and it had to bring peace within the Asian territory as well as rebuild nationalism at the same time. The peace conference united a number of countries in Asia after the First World War that has separated so many of them. It is imperative to understand that not all countries in Asia embraced the Versailles Conference. In fact, China as a country did not sign the Versailles Treaty but rather preferred walking out of the plan because of its grievances and betrayal that it felt. China was involved in anti-Japanese protest and finally left the Versailles Treaty. Versailles treaty had a greater role in Asian nationalism. For instance, after Japan had succeeded in leading most of Asian undertakings, this peace treaty brought about unity that had long been dreamt of. Asia as a nation had been deprived of personal ruling at the continent because of the influence and authority of power that the powerful Western countries inflicted on them. Step by step, through this treaty, a great unity was implemented. It is after this treaty that a stream of new ideologies including missionary based assistance came into place. In order to achieve a great nationalism in Asia, the people had to embrace new ideas that could assist their economy and education to rise to the required standard. The Versailles Treaty itself had provisions that for sure enabled Asia to rise and recover their nationalism. For instance, Germany, which is regarded as a colonial power, had responsibilities to undertake after The First World War. It had to respect the independence of Australia and other countries while at the same time surrendering its rights and entitlement over other

Logical Fallacies Essay Example for Free

Logical Fallacies Essay The following is an example of the said argument taken from the website, www.fallacyfiles.com: [Joe McCarthy] announced that he had penetrated Trumans iron curtain of secrecy and that he proposed forthwith to present 81 cases†¦ Cases of exactly what? I am only giving the Senate, he said, cases in which it is clear there is a definite Communist connection†¦persons whom I consider to be Communists in the State Department. †¦ Of Case 40, he said, I do not have much information on this except the general statement of the agency†¦that there is nothing in the files to disprove his Communist connections. Analysis: The fallacy exists in the assumption that the burden of the evidence is to prove that Truman’s communist connections are not true when it was never established to be true in the first place. This type of error of logic is committed when the lack of evidence is used to prove something and this is false because the lack of evidence is not evidence in itself. One’s ignorance or lack of knowledge cannot be used to prove or disprove something. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Begging the question This fallacy, also known as â€Å"circular reasoning†, occurs when a premise is used as the conclusion or when a claim that is yet to be established or proven occurs as the conclusion. The fallacy is illustrated in following example taken from the book, The Abortion Controversy by Helen Alvare: To cast abortion as a solely private moral question,†¦is to lose touch with common sense: How human beings treat one another is practically the definition of a public moral matter. Of course, there are many private aspects of human relations, but the question whether one human being should be allowed fatally to harm another is not one of them. Abortion is an inescapably public matter. Analysis: This writer sees more than one point of flawed reasoning in the given example. Firstly, there is the assumption that the idea of morality is dependent on whether the issue at hand should be considered a public or private matter. Second, there has been no attempt to expound what qualifies as â€Å"the private aspects of human relations† and it necessarily contradicts the given definition of a public moral matter which is â€Å"how human beings treat one another.† To say that something is practically the definition of something else does not prove that it is. Thirdly, the implication that equates abortion to allowing â€Å"humans to fatally harm another† is but another assumption and does not prove the conclusion, because that premise itself is in need of proof. 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Common belief This fallacy occurs when people hinge the truth of a claim or proposition on what is believed by many or popular belief. Popular belief is simply statistics. The prevalence of an opinion does not account for the truth of a claim. For example just because many people believe there is a God or just because certain cultures believe that illnesses are caused by bad spirits does not make both claims true. The truth of a claim cannot be proven by sheer popularity. 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Division This error in logic occurs when the characteristics of the parts are assumed to be true for the whole. Take for example the following statements from the website www.fallacyfiles.com: 1. The universe has existed for fifteen billion years.   Ã‚  Ã‚   The universe is made out of molecules.   Ã‚  Ã‚   Therefore, each of the molecules in the universe has existed for fifteen billion years. Analysis: While it may be true that certain characteristics can apply to both the parts and the whole, this is not an absolute truth. In the example given, although it is possible that age (i.e. fifteen billion years) may be a shared characteristic, it is not the case for the example given because although the universe has been in fact been in existence for fifteen billion years, not all of its molecules has been existing since then. List of references: Engel M. With Good Reason: An Introduction to Informal Fallacies (Fifth Edition). St. Martins, 1994 Krabbe, E. Appeal to Ignorance, in Fallacies: Classical and Contemporary Reading. USA: Penn State Press, 1995 Rovere R. Introduction to Logic (Fourth Edition). USA: 1960. Walton, D. The Essential Ingredients of the Fallacy of Begging the Question, Fallacies: Classical and Contemporary Readings. USA: Penn State Press, 1995.

Political Situation of the Central African Public

Political Situation of the Central African Public Central African Republic:  Africa’s Bleeding Heart A- Overview: Deep in the heart of Africa lies the Central African Republic, it is a landlocked country (i.e: has no coastal lines) as the country is boarded by: Chad to the north, Sudan to the northeast, South Sudan to the east, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Republic of the Congo to the south and Cameroon to the west. Central African Republic is one of the poorest countries in the world although its rich with natural resources and potentials such as diamonds, uranium, timber and gold; CAR has been unstable since its Independence from France as the country faced lots of coups and decades of blood sheds, conflicts and wars. In 2013 an armed Muslim group seized power over the country and executed numerous incidents of violence resulting in a backlash by an armed Christian group that also responded by violent incidents. With citizens being the major victims of these incidents CAR occupies the 3rd place in the Fund for Peace 2014 Failed States Index as the latest events escalated into genocides and ethnic cleansing that increased the country’s insatiability and deteriorated human rights conditions, making CAR Africa’s bleeding heart. B- Country Profile: Population: Central African Republic has a population of 4.6 million, with 40.6% of the population between the age of 0-14 years. Religions: indigenous beliefs 35%, Protestant 25%, Roman Catholic 25%, Muslim 15%. Language: there are 2 official languages in CAR which are French and Sangho, in addition to some tribal languages. Interim President: Catherine Samba-Panza. Interim Prime Minister: Mahmat Kamoun. Capital: Bangui. Key Exports: Diamonds, timber, cotton, and coffee. Key Imports: Food, textiles, petroleum products, machinery, motor vehicles, and pharmaceuticals Trading Partners: Belgium, China, Netherlands, Cameroon, D.R.Congo, France, and South Korea C- Insight on CAR History: The central African republic was part of the french colonies in Africa as in 1894 France created the Ubangi-Shari territory (the present-day CAR), in 1946 the country was given its own representation in the french parliament and Barthelemy Boganda becomes the first central African to be elected in the french parliament, and in 1958 the country achieves self-governance within the french equatorial Africa and Boganda becomes the prime minister. Independence and post Independence era: After seeking Independence the country finally achieves it in 1960 and David Dacko -Boganda’s nephew- becomes the first president of the country, and in 1964 he is confirmed as a president in elections in which he was the only candidate. In 1965 as the country was facing banckrupcy the army commander Jean-Bedel Bokassa leads a coup and overthrows Dacko. At first Bokassa declares himself a president for life but then in 1976 he declares himself emperor and renames the county the â€Å"Central African Empire†. After widespread protests in 1979 in which many school children were arrested and massacred while in detention Dacko -backed by French troops- leads a coup and rises back to power. However he is soon deposed in a coup led by the army commander Andre Kolingba. In 1992 a multiparty presidential and parliamentary elections took place in which Kolingba came last but these elections were annulled by the supreme court and another elections occurred in 1993 in which Ange-Felix Patasse wins to end 12 years of military rule. In 1997 France begins withdrawing its forces from the country and African peacekeepers replace the French troops, in 1999 Patasse is re-elected and the former president Kolingba comes in 2nd place with 19% of votes. In March 2003 the army chief of staff Francois Bozize leads a coup d’etait.Upon seizing the presidency, Bozize suspended the country’s Constitution and dissolved the National Assembly.Though he promised to step down after an initial transitional period to democracy, Bozize was reelected in 2005 and began calling for national unity, development, and democratic freedom. A peace deal known as theBirao Peace Agreement, which was signed in 2007 between the government of the CAR and the rebel group Union des Forces Dà ©mocratiques pour le Rassemblement UFDR (Union of Democratic Forces for Unity), appeared to solidify Bozize’s intentions. Further progress was seemingly made with the2008 Libreville Comprehensive Peace Agreement, which, in addition to the UFDR, also included the rebel groups Armee Populaire pour la Restauration de la Democratie (People’s Army for the Restoration of Democracy – APRD) and the Front democratique du Peuple Centrafricain (Democratic Front for the People of the Central African Republic – FDPC) in its negotiations. Together, these deals promised amnesty; disarmament, demobilization and reintegration (DDR) programs for former combatants; and political power-sharing. Yet, the fragility of these peace deals was soon evident. In 2010, the Bozize regime came under fire from opposition leaders who announced their intention to boycott the January 2011 elections in light of institutional changes affecting the voter registration process. When Bozize was reelected in 2011, his victory was shrouded by allegations of election fraud that further threatened the already-declining security situation in the CAR. The Bozize government’s inability to demobilize rebels and ex-soldiers, along with such foreign involvement as a February 2012 joint offensive between troops from the CAR and neighboring Chad (which sought to weaken a Chadian rebel movement and left thousands of civilians displaced) added to growing instability throughout the country. D- March 2013 Coup d’Etait: In December 2012, a loose rebel coalition named the Seleka initiated a military campaign to overthrow Bozize’s government. The Seleka, mainly composed of factions of armed groups in northeastern CAR, including the UFDR and FDPC, as well as the Convention Patriotique pour le Salut Wa Kodro (CPSK) and the Convention of Patriots for Justice and Peace (Convention des Patriotespour la Justice et la Paix – CPJP), criticized Bozize’s government for failing to implement the DDR program in the northeast, declining to investigate rebel and government crimes that had been occurring since 2005, and demonstrating a general lack of governance in its region.Capitalizing on the fact that the country had been â€Å" virtually ungoverned † outside of the capital, Bangui, for years, the Seleka rapidly captured several strategic towns in early 2013 and was poised to take Bangui next. A hasty intervention by Chad and the Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS) instead persuaded the Seleka to negotiate with Bozize’s government. The result of these negotiations was the Libreville Agreement of January 2013, which established a three-year power-sharing arrangement in the CAR.In addition, itstipulatedthat Bozize would remain in office until 2016, but that he would not be allowed to run for a third term beyond that. Unfortunately, however, the Libreville Agreement was made between regional heads of state rather than heads of warring parties in the CAR, which, as the Council on Foreign Relations noted , increased the difficulty of implementing real change because it neglected to consider the â€Å"intricacies† of the conflict. The government’s failure to carry out agreements under the 2013 Libreville Agreement generated anger and frustration on the part of the Seleka, who resurged and took control of Bangui and 15 of the CAR’s 16 provinces on 24 March 2013, a move which simultaneously caused Bozize to flee to Cameroon . Upon seizing the capital, Seleka leader Michel Djotodia proclaimed himself President and suspended CAR’s constitution. Djotodia’s leadership was immediately criticized at the international level, as his Seleka fighters were accused of having used child soldiers in their successful overthrow of the Bozize government, as well as having engaged in the looting of villages, the raping and killing of civilians, and the abduction of members of the national army. Continued violence on the part of the Seleka even after Djotodia took office raised additional questions about the security situation in the CAR. By August theSà ©là ©ka-run government under Djotodia was said to be increasingly divided.The conflict worsened towards the end of the year with international warnings of genocide. The fighting was between the government of the Central African Republic s former Sà ©là ©ka coalition of rebel groups, who are mainly from the Muslim minority and the mainly Christian anti-balaka coalition Anti-balakaare Christian and animist militias formed in the Central African Republic after the rise to power of Michel Djotodia in 2013-. In January 2014 President Djotodia resignedand was replaced by Catherine Samba-Panza ,but the conflict continued. As soon as Djotodia left office, Seleka forces began to withdraw from their outposts across the country. In town after town, when the Seleka left, the anti-balaka militia moved in and launched violent attacks against the Muslim minority. Because international peacekeeping forces were extremely slow to deploy across the country, the field was open to the anti-balaka to assert their power and authority. They killed many hundreds of Muslim civilians, sometimes in large-scale massacres, looted Muslim homes and shops, and burned and destroyed mosques. Anti-balaka fighters are now the main perpetrators of violence, especially in Bangui and in the western third of the country. Seleka forces that retreated to the north also continue to commit serious human rights abuses in the territory under their control. There is currently no functioning justice system in CAR, with little or no possibility of police investigations, court proceedings, and incarceration, resulting in total impunity for human rights violations. E- Human Rights Conditions: â€Å"Civilians are being killed by all sides at an alarming rate and people are desperate for protection,† said Lewis Mudge , Africa researcher at Human Rights Watch Almost 2.5 million out of the 4.6 million population are in immediate need of humanitarian assistance, 620,000 unable to receive basic health care medicine, and more than 430,000 internally displaced people inside CAR . Thousands of houses have been looted and burnt, leaving many people – Christians and Muslims alike – without a home to return to. The few thousand Muslims who remain in the capital and the western part of the country (where they used to represent about 15 percent of the population) are nearly all displaced. Many are taking refuge in churches, and most are waiting for evacuation, fearing attacks by anti-balaka fighters. Refugees: Since the beginning of the clashes more the one million people -quarter of the population- fled their homes escaping from violence and seeking safety. Recent months have witnessed massive ethnic cleansing: a forced exodus of tens of thousands of Muslim civilians to Chad, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of Congo, and the Republic of Congo -in order of concentration of refugees-. Much of this newly-created refugee population is living in makeshift camps where conditions are dire. Those who have fled are often traumatized, malnourished and dehydrated. Many have walked for weeks and taken refuge in the bush along the way to hide from armed groups. Some have been exposed to atrocities and survived violence. The majority are women and children, as the men in the families often remain in CAR to protect family assets. Many people fleeing CAR have serious medical needs stemming from injuries during attacks or displacement. Children: in 17 December the UNICEF warned that 2 out 5 children urgently needing humanitarian and vital aid are without it. There are 5,000 severely malnourished children under-five, and about 159,000 under five need highly nutritious foods. Since the beginning of the clashes both groups used child soldiers, some forced to join and others volunteer out of poverty or the desire to avenge the deaths of beloved ones. The number of child soldiers increased from 2,500 at the beginning of the crisis to an estimation of 6,000-10,000 on Dec. 2014 with some of them as young as eight years old. G- Peacekeeping Missions: Operation Sangaris: there has been a presence of French troops in CAR before the recent crises as France had troops deployed in March 2009- and May 2014 French troops took charge of the security of the airport in Bangui, however the situation was deteriorating in CAR, and as a result on December 5th, 2013, the President of France announced his decision to reinforce the French troops in CAR to prevent a humanitarian disaster in the country in what is known as Operation Sangaris, by which France deployed 1,200 troops making the total number of French troops rises to 1,600 which increased since then to about 2,000. MINUSCA: Despite the presence of the Operation Sangaris and an African Union led troops (MISCA) yet violence and widespread human rights violations continued to happen in CAR. Trying to stop this bloodshed the UN Security Council authorized on the 10th of April 2014 the deployment of a multidimensional United Nations peacekeeping operation (MINUSCA) , and on the 15th of September the MISCA mission transferred its authority over to MINUSCA. The mission has a total of 6,590 military personnel out of authorized 10,000 personnel in addition to civilian personnel. The mission has some initial priority tasks set by the security council, which are: Protection of civilians. Support for the implementation of the transition process, including efforts in favor of the extension of State authority and preservation of territorial integrity. Facilitate the immediate, full, safe and unhindered delivery of humanitarian assistance. Protections of the United Nations. Promotion and protection of human rights. Support for national and international justice and the rule of law. Disarmament, Demobilization, Reintegration (DDR) and Repatriation (DDRR).

The Development of Pip in Great Expectations :: Free Great Expectations Essays

The Development of Pip in Great Expectations    As Pip grows throughout the novel, he develops and matures from a naive, young boy to a moral gentleman by the three main stages that take place throughout his life.    In the first stage of Pip's life he is young and does not understand what it means to be a gentleman and how it can affect his life.   Pip basically asks for three wishes in the first stage.   He wants education, wealth, and social advancement.   These three wishes are mostly so he can impress Estella, who is the symbol of this first stage.   Pip does not want to be a lowly blacksmith like Joe.   He wants to be intelligent.   He wants to be considered a person of high importance.   At the end of this stage he moves to London and begins to see the problems in the fog ahead.    In the second stage Pip is able to live his dreams of being educated and wealthy.   As the second stage progresses he has less and less time for other people outside of his little circle.   He mistreats Joe and Biddy.   He finds he is embarrassed to be around them.   His relationship with Estella also worsens.   They had not seen each other in years and the small bond that they had broke in time.   Estella then marries Drummle instead of Pip and all his hopes for her are lost as well.   Pip also begins to spend too much money and goes into debt even with his secret benefactor giving him money.   Once Pip discovers who his benefactor truly is all his dreams are shattered.   He cannot believe a criminal had been supplying him with money all this time.   Stage two ends with Pip being broken and destroyed with all the problems he faces.    In the third stage Pip tries to repair all his relationships with people he mistreated and loved.   Pip finds Herbert a good job even if it means Pip using some of his own money.   Pip also tries to help Magwitch escape.   Although Magwitch does not escape, Pip makes Magwitch happy before he dies telling him that he has a daughter and that he is in love with her.

Review of Cyprus Economy Essay examples -- essays research papers

REVIEW OF CYPRUS ECONOMY Cyprus is a small, services oriented (services account for approximately 76% of GDP) free market economy with a record of successful economic performance – Rapid growth, full employment conditions, low inflation & external and internal stability. In terms of per capita income, currently estimated at US $ 18,500, Cyprus is classified among the high income countries. It has good business and financial services, modern telecommunications, an educated labor force and a sound legal system. Cyprus' geographical location, tax incentives, and modern infrastructure also make it a natural hub for companies looking to do business with the Middle East, Europe, the former Soviet Union and North Africa. Cyprus’ entry into the EU in May 2004 marked the crowning point of protracted efforts over the years of its most important political and economic policy objective. As regards the economy, the harmonization process has transformed the whole economic structure of Cyprus and full accession is expected to bring a number of positive results. At the same time, EU membership is a challenge to the business community to strive for increased competitiveness and the upgrading of quality of products & services. Economic growth in 2003 remained at the same levels as the previous year with the economy growing by 2% in real terms, mainly due to the containment of tourist demand. The low rate of economic growth for a second year in a row was reflected in the labour marke...

I am Vietnamese :: first person narrative essay

I sit in solemn silence, wondering if I should even bother with this essay. I am not the ideal Vietnamese child; I am nothing special.Since I was born, English has been my primary language. It is the language I think in, the only language I can express my true emotions. I am an American-born Vietnamese child, proud of my heritage, yet forever attempting to grasp it. I merely know this: my morals and values, instilled in me by Vietnamese tradition make me who I am today. That is why I write, not to win, but to express my pride in my Vietnamese roots. I am Vietnamese. Sometimes, it is hard for me to believe. My grasp of the language is childish at best, and at times, I feel inadequate. It is something that I am ashamed of, yet something I hope to rectify in the future. But I know I am Vietnamese. The ability to overcome hardship, to face fear and succeed is in my blood. As our people have always found light in every bad situation, I was raised to do the same. My ability to speak and write may not be up to par with other Vietnamese children but my heart and spirit will forever be 100% Vietnamese. My parents are the best. They have never ceased to amaze me. I grew up in Allen Parkway, alongside hundreds of other Vietnamese families. My parents worked long hours at their jobs to try and provide for my sisters and me. My mother is a seamstress, working 60-hour weeks. My father is a fisherman. He is gone for a weeks at a time, doing hard physical labor. Whenever I look into his eyes, I begin to cry. I see a man that could have been so much more. He was among the top students in his class. His teachers told him he was destined for greater things. Yet there he stands, in front of my own eyes, a waste of a man. We never had the father and son relationship I have always craved, but my love for him and my mother transcends comprehension. I wish I could say that I had a great upbringing, but I can't. My parents tried their best, but they were hardly ever around. My sisters and I raised ourselves. Among the three of us, the cooking, cleaning and household chores were divided.

Huck Finn: an American Masterpiece Essay

For more than two centuries, American authors have consistently produced outstanding works that have achieved national acclaim and international recognition. Many of these works have achieved have come to be celebrated as masterpieces in American literature and influential in the shaping of our nation. Since its publication in 1884, Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn has risen to such a status and has been added to the curriculum of most schools. Unlike any other novel of its time, Mark Twain wrote an organic, realistic story drawn from his own personal struggles with being â€Å"sivilized† into the proper manners of society. He employed several literary techniques and methods to insure that his novel would be considered a classic. Three significant aspects of Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn include the use of the vernacular, the use of satire, and the depiction of pastoral life in the South. One significant aspect of Huck Finn is the use of the vernacular. One can’t open the novel without noticing distinctly Southern terms like â€Å"bullyragged† and â€Å"corn-dodgers. † This use of the everyday language of the common folk adds a great deal of authenticity and believability to Huck’s adventures. Each character has his or her own bit of a Southern twang. For example, the Dauphin has a traditional, simple accent when he announces to the Wilks family, â€Å"Friends all, my poor brother that lays yonder has done generous by them that’s left behind in the vale of sorrers† (214). Nonetheless, the vernacular is most prominent when Jim speaks. For example, when he explains to Huck why Solomon wasn’t wise, he says, â€Å"I doan’ k’yer what de widder say, he warn’t no wise man nuther. He had some er der dad-fetchedes’ I ever see† (100). In fact, Twain’s novel was far ahead of its times. Something new happened with Huck Finn that had never happened before in American literature. It’s a book that deviated from the well-mannered English tradition of the times. Twain’s novel allows a different kind of writing to happen? a natural, realistic kind of writing that jumps off the page with energy and enthusiasm. Indeed, Huck Finn isn’t a book that can be read. It’s a book that talks. Another well-known aspect of Huck Finn is the use of satire. Twain uses this to explore and poke fun at many aspects of society, and uses Huck’s actions and thoughts to make things like education and the Wisdom of Solomon seem impractical. Religion is frequently satirized in the novel. When Widow Douglas tells Huck about Moses, Huck thinks to himself why she won’t let him smoke, â€Å"Here she was a-bothering about Moses, which was no kin to her, and no use to anybody being gone, you see, yet finding a power of fault with me for doing a thing that had some good in it† (Twain 3). He doesn’t see the point in worrying about people who died three-thousand years ago. Twain satirizes religion again when he describes the Shepherdsons and Grangerfords listening to a sermon about brotherly love at church with guns in between their knees. He also satirizes the Victorian culture of the time period. When Huck arrives at the Grangerford mansion, he is in awe at the intricate and ornate artwork in the parlor. He comments, â€Å"? there was beautiful curtains on the windows; white with pictures painted on them of castles with vines all down the walls, and cattle coming down to drink† (Twain 134). Twain uses Huck to show his own views of the period. Scenes like the one describing the clock on the mantelpiece clearly get the message across that the Grangerfords’ furniture and decorations are both tacky and absurd. Indeed, Twain has much to say about society and uses his characters to get his point across. The last noteworthy aspect of Huck Finn is its depiction of pastoral Southern life. Twain mentions several instances where Huck and Jim are free from the social constraints and problems of â€Å"sivilized† society, describing vivid scenes that call to mind watching the sunset across a pond as the crickets chirp among the cattails. Huck and Jim are truly free to do as they wish on the lazy Mississippi. Here, Huck treats Jim as an equal without a care as to what others may think. Before the two run into the Duke and the Dauphin, Twain describes the wind along the water, â€Å"Then the nice breeze springs up, and comes fanning you from over there, so cool and fresh and sweet to smell on account of the woods and the flowers† (Twain 151). This tranquil moment demonstrates that the South isn’t all about slavery and racism. It’s about enjoying life without all the worries and duties. Thanks to Twain, the American ideal of freedom is Huck and Jim rafting down the Mississippi. Twain also depicts the pastoral ideal when he describes the Phelps’ farm as â€Å"Sunday-like† and â€Å"hot and sunshiny† (Twain 278). He goes on to depict a picturesque farmhouse and lazy gardens. The pastoral ideal has been used to define the meaning of America since its discovery, and it has not yet lost its hold upon the imagination. Quaint scenes like these resonate in America’s heart, hitting strings that evoke a desperate longing for a laidback, carefree lifestyle. This truly is the closest thing there is to perfection, and Twain himself felt an affinity with this pastoral Southern life. Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn will forever be revered as a classic in American literature thanks to his artful style and clever technique. Three significant aspects include the use of the vernacular, the use of satire, and the depiction of pastoral life in the South. These characteristics have made this masterpiece what it is today and have captured the hearts of countless Americans and foreigners alike. Most importantly, Twain’s work set a precedent for future novelists for years to come through its witty language and unique personality. As author Ernest Hemingway commented, â€Å"All modern American literature comes from one book by Mark Twain called Huckleberry Finn. American writing comes from that. There was nothing before. There has been nothing as good since† (348). Works Cited Hemingway, Ernest. â€Å"All modern American. . . † The Columbia Dictionary of Quotations. Ed. Joseph R. Strayer. 1 vol. New York: Columbia University Press, 1995. Twain, Mark. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. New York: Pocket, 1994.

Waging War: The Iraq War and its implications

The United States of America has always viewed itself as a â€Å"Big Brother† responsible for protecting others and helping them is desperate times. This may prove to be a Good Samaritan act. However, at times, circumstances warrant that things be done according to what is just.   George Bernard Shaw once said that the reasonable man adapts himself to the world but the unreasonable one persists in trying to adapt the world to himself that as a result, all progress depends on the unreasonable man. In the course of history, this appears to be the truth (Young, 1995). World Politics determine the relationship that exists among states today.   Even the course of history is greatly affected by decisions pertaining to politics and international law. It has become a determining factor in assessing the harmonious relationship between and among states, recognizing equality, sovereignty and respect for power and authority (Jensen, 1982). Quite noticeable is how, historically, States to what the United States has dictated. Political camaraderie has always been far more important than plain public service to subordinates and constituents. The Iraq War has magnified all the necessary details of unjust practice of desire for political advancement and world dominance (Graham 2000). This paper seeks to discuss how the Iraq war has not served its purpose at all, making it being unjustified all the more understandable. The premise on Iraq war lies on the misery experience by the people. President George W. Bush has aggressively pointed out that the threat of weapons of mass destruction such as chemicals and biological weapons, contribute to the misery of Iraq. This is because of the fact that sanctions in connection with this threat has added significantly to the poor living conditions of Iraqi people when it comes to the exercise of their freedom. President Bush labelled Saddam as a Madman in control of a very dangerous weapon and capable of spreading terror and strife. This argument has reached far and wide, magnifying the unjustified conditions of Iraqis under the leadership of Saddam Hussein.   This is evident on the fact that for almost 25 million inhabitants of Iraq, the per capita income is becoming less and less compared to five or six years ago. Its economy shrank to more than six percent and among its major problems are mortality, malnutrition and poverty. The life of the Iraqis on a daily basis has been tremendously difficult, far worse than its situation a decade ago.   This is the main reason on which President Bush has hoped to bank on when convincing others to join in the United States’ plight to wage war against Iraq. Now that everything has been done and over with, has it been a justifiable cause? The answer is a resounding NO. Primarily because the condition of Iraq has not improved after such war waged against it. More significant is the fact that mortality rates have increased, hurting more American troops and Iraqis in the process. Terrorism has not decreased but all the more became rampant. Another argument is the catching of a â€Å"madman† on the loose. Saddam Hussein has been captured and his demise has not changed anything. Terrorism still exists, and his avid followers continue to flourish long after he is gone. The end result—- misery and struggle among the people. The war on Iraq is nothing but a political move to help sustain American economy, which is practically a war economy. The fact that waging war would solicit support from other countries means that America would once again flourish in the eyes of so many people thinking that the â€Å"saviour† is here again. But come to think of it, has anything resulted from such war? Aside from achieving President Bush’ goal of seeing Saddam in his demise, nothing else has been considered a productive result. The claim of existence of weapons of mass destruction has been proven futile. No proof f such claim has been produced. In effect, what could be concluded is the fact that the United States has took advantage of the terrorism issue, magnified it and pointed it directly on Iraq, so that people all over the world will sympathize and unite with them in removing Saddam and waging war. Presently, what we have is an Iraq with a civilian government, a more â€Å"free† society but at the end of it all still looms the fact that people are suffering, having lost the identity of a country invaded by foreign entities. The war on Iraq was based on less compelling reasons. At the expense of the people, President Bush has been successful in removing Saddam, but has he been successful enough in making true his promise that suffering and poverty will be addressed and given proper solution? NO. Years have already passed since the war, nut no improvement has been evident. The plight of the Iraqis now is far worse than when they had a dictator for a government. REFERENCES Jensen, Lloyd. Explaining Foreign Policy. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 1982. Ray, James Lee. Democracies and International Conflict. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1995. Greenstein, Fred. Personality and Politics .Princeton, N.J: Princeton University Press, 1987. Neustadt, Richard. Presidential Power. New York: Wiley, 1976. Graham, Allison. Essence of Decision. Boston: Little Brown, 2000. Baumgartner, Frank. Agendas and Instability in American Politics. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1993. Young, Oran. System and Society in World Affairs: Implications for International Organizations. New York: Mc Millan 1995.   

Nanotech N Nanoscience

Nanoscience vs. Nanotechnology Introduction Student Guide Lesson Overview In this lesson, you will learn the differences between â€Å"Nanoscience† and â€Å"Nanotechnology. † Both are extremely exciting, but have distinct differences in what the people in these fields do. Throughout this lesson you'll be asked to research and discuss what is happening in nanoscience and nanotechnology. A lot is going on in both fields and the potential for a lot more is HUGE. Before coming to class Complete the on-line Knowledge Probe (KP) called KP: Nanoscience vs Nanotechnology.Objectives At the end of this lesson you will be able to do the following: ? List several examples of nanoscience exploration and research activities ? List several examples of nanotechnology innovations and products ? Correctly apply the terms Nanoscience and Nanotechnology to different situations ? Tell another person what the differences are between Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Resources National Nanotech nology Initiative (NNI) web site: www. nano. gov NNI site â€Å"What is Nanotechnology†: http://www. nano. gov/nanotech-101/what Nano Science and Technology Institute : http://www. nsti. org/UNM NanoTechnology NScience_vs_Ntechnology_PG_0301912 Nanoscience vs. Nanotechnology IG Page 1 of 10 Lesson Outline Pre-class assignment Knowledge Probe Before coming to class, you complete an on-line assessment of your current understanding of nanoscience vs. nanotechnology (KP – Nanoscience vs. Nanotechnology). In-class Activity: NanoScience vs. NanoTechnology In this activity you will develop your own definitions of nanoscience and nanotechnology based on current knowledge. You will be required to share your results with the instructor and other students as part of the class discussion.Discussion on the results of Activity You will share your definitions of nanoscience and nanotechnology with other students and the instructors. The discussion should cover the differences and sim ilarities of each. The instructor will present several examples of which you will determine â€Å"nanoscience†, â€Å"nanotechnology† or â€Å"both†. The class will reach a consensus on the correct definition of each. Post-Assessment Complete a short assessment that measures your understanding of nanoscience and nanotechnology. Assessment Strategy You will be assessed on the following: ?Completion of the online Knowledge Probe: Nanoscience vs. nanotechnology ? Participation in the classroom discussion ? Grade on the in-class Post-Quiz: Nanoscience vs. Nanotechnology Terminology Nanoscience Nanotechnology Nano http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Nano Nanometer http://dictionary. reference. com/browse/nanometer Science http://dictionary. reference. com/browse/science Technology http://dictionary. reference. com/browse/technology UNM NanoTechnology NScience_vs_Ntechnology_PG_0301912 Nanoscience vs. Nanotechnology IG Page 2 of 10 Introduction What is Nanoscience?To give you a hint, the illustration below represents a biomolecule that nanoscientists have discovered. What is it? First of all, what's the red spiral? What's the figure walking on top of the red spiral? Give up? Very simply put, the red spiral is a microfilament, a minute fiber found in muscle cells. The green figure walking on top of the microfilament is a protein molecule called myosin. Nanoscientists have discovered that the mysoin protein acts like a linear motor. To contract a muscle, the myosin molecule (or motor) walks in nano-size steps along the microfilament.As the myosin molecule walks, it pulls on the microfilament causing the muscle cells to contract. [Illustration by and courtesy of PrecisionGraphics. com] So what is Nanoscience? This is really a two part question: 1) What is nano? 2) What is science? By the end of this lesson, you will be able to answer these questions. You will also be able to answer the question – What is the difference between Nanoscience and Nan otechnology? There is a huge difference! So let's find out. UNM NanoTechnology NScience_vs_Ntechnology_PG_0301912 Nanoscience vs. Nanotechnology IG Page 3 of 10 Lesson Content What is Nano?Let's start with answering the question, â€Å"What is nano? † Here are some nano-size objects: DNA Molecule: DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) about 2 nanometers in diameter Dozens of Silicon atoms Each silicon atom is approximately 0. 234 nanometers in diameter; therefore this picture is about 4 nm wide. This picture was taken using an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). [AFM image by and courtesy of Franz Giessibl] NanoDot This image shows a nano-size Gold particle (50 nm) sitting on the end of a microcantilever. [Courtesy of the Craighead Group, Cornell] UNM NanoTechnology NScience_vs_Ntechnology_PG_0301912Nanoscience vs. Nanotechnology IG Page 4 of 10 The Definition of Nano Nano is a metric prefix which is applied to measurements of length such as millimeter, micrometer, and nanometers. It can al so be applied to measurements that indicate the â€Å"amount† of something: milliampere or nanoamperes (an amounts of electrical current), microliters or nanoliters (the amount of a volume), and kilograms or nanograms (the mass of something). The prefix nano is used as another indication of size or amount. You may already know, or soon will find out, that a nanometer is defined as one-billionth of a meter (1 x 10-9 meter).A meter is a little longer than a yard (1 meter = 1. 09 yards). Graphic unit is â€Å"nanometer† Graphic source: National Cancer Institute What is Science? Now let's look at the second question: What is science? There are many definitions of science. Here are a couple: 1) â€Å"The systematic observation of natural events and conditions in order to discover facts about them and to formulate laws and principals based on these facts. †[Academic Press Dictionary of Science and Technology] 2) â€Å"The organized body of knowledge that is derived f rom such observations and that can be verified or tested by further investigation. [Academic Press Dictionary of Science and Technology] Sound pretty complicated? Well it isn’t really. It just takes some time to think about it. UNM NanoTechnology NScience_vs_Ntechnology_PG_0301912 Nanoscience vs. Nanotechnology IG Page 5 of 10 One way to look at the definition of science is that science is trying to figure out nature’s rule book. ? What are the rules which govern material properties? ? How do things move? ? Why do natural events occur as they do? An example of nanoscience was the discover of how the gecko can walk on ceilings and stick to glass walls of an aquarium.Hint: It has something to do with nano-size objects in the feet. You'll study this later in this course. Through science we know the answer to questions such as these: ? Why are plants green? ? Why do some things float and others sink? ? How do our lungs pull the oxygen out of the air? Scientists are the peo ple who do the investigations or experiments and try to determine what the rules of nature are. The experiments are done in a very precise and systematic way so that others can re-do the experiments and (hopefully) get the same results. Getting the same results is what is meant by being â€Å"verifiable† and â€Å"repeatable. So now you should have a better idea as to what science means: Figuring out the rules which determine how things work in nature. UNM NanoTechnology NScience_vs_Ntechnology_PG_0301912 Nanoscience vs. Nanotechnology IG Page 6 of 10 What is Technology? What does the term â€Å"Technology† really mean? We live in a society which is packed with all sorts of â€Å"technology†: iPODs, iPads, cell phones, laptops, GPS (Global Positioning Systems), gaming systems (Wii, Nintendo, X-box, Playstation), DLP (Digital Light Processors) displays, LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), WiFi †¦ I’m sure you can come up with dozens more technology driven devices and systems.How is Technology defined? The National Institute of Health (NIH) defines technology as â€Å"A body of knowledge used to create tools, develop skills, and extract or collect materials; the application of science (the combination of the scientific method and material) to meet an objective or solve a problem. † Merriam-Webster on-line dictionary defines technology as 1 a: the practical application of knowledge especially in a particular area b: a capability given by the practical application of knowledge 2: a manner of accomplishing a task especially using technical processes, methods, or knowledge.UNM NanoTechnology NScience_vs_Ntechnology_PG_0301912 Nanoscience vs. Nanotechnology IG Page 7 of 10 So What is NanoTechnology? Here are a couple of examples of Nanotechnology. Liposome A liposome is a tiny nanoparticle or vacated sphere made out of the same material as a cell membrane. It is hoped that one day we can fill a lipsome with drugs and inject it into the blood stream. Using the properties associated with the liposome's membrane, it will connect to a cancerous tumor, emit the drugs and kill the cancerous cells.Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) Carbon nanotubes use the properties of carbon to form tubes with a length to diameter ratio greater than 1,000,000! Potential applications of CNTs include electrical connections for micro and nano-sized electronics, fibers 20 times stronger than bulletresistent kevlar fibers, and surfaces slicker than Teflon. [Images by Junifer Nez, SCME] So, what do you think? What is NanoTechnology? Activity: NanoScience vs. NanoTechnology Link to and complete the activity – Nanoscience vs. Nanotechnology UNM NanoTechnology NScience_vs_Ntechnology_PG_0301912 Nanoscience vs. Nanotechnology IG Page 8 of 10An Example of Nanoscience Enabling Nanotechnology Now that you have developed definitions for nanoscience and nanotechnology, what do you think is the difference between the two? In this picture you see a dep iction of a molecule. This particular molecule makes up the famous non-stick Teflon coating used on cookware, telecommunication cables, and clothes. Identifying the molecule's design and determining its physical and chemical properties are examples of nanoscience. Learning how to control and mass produce the molecule to make the desired Teflon coatings is an example of nanotechnology. [Images by SCME]More on Teflon Coatings The molecules that are used for Teflon coatings repel water molecules when assembled in a film. These Teflon coatings are said to be hydrophobic. â€Å"Hydro† means water and â€Å"phobic† means â€Å"scared of† or â€Å"repulsed by. † Nanotechnology has lead to the development of a process that takes billions and billions of these molecules to make a continuous coating. The result is a hydrophobic surface called a Teflon coating. UNM NanoTechnology NScience_vs_Ntechnology_PG_0301912 Nanoscience vs. Nanotechnology IG Page 9 of 10 Summa ry In this lesson you have learned ? what is nanoscience, ? hat is nanotechnology, and ? what are the differences and similarities between nanoscience and nanotechnology. Through the applications you've seen, you should have recognized that nanoscience and nanotechnology are not science fiction, but are areas of study that are growing at a tremendous pace throughout the world in a variety of fields. Homework Complete the on-line Assessment – Nanoscience vs. Nanotechnology References 1 Academic Press Dictionary of Science and Technology National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI) web site: www. nano. gov Nano Science and Technology Institute : http://www. nsti. org/This work has been funded through the support of a National Science Foundation grant, DUE # UNM NanoTechnology NScience_vs_Ntechnology_PG_0301912 Nanoscience vs. Nanotechnology IG Page 10 of 10 Activity – Nanoscience vs. Nanotechnology Nanoscience vs. Nanotechnology Student Guide Introduction This activity will help you to better identify the difference between nanoscience and nanotechnology. In this activity you will develop your own definitions of nanoscience and nanotechnology. Once your definitions have been developed, you will work with the other students and reach a consensus on what is the best definition for each of these two areas.Activity: Time to Complete: approximately 45 minutes. Procedure: 1. Write down your definition of nanoscience. 2. Write down your definition of nanotechnology. 3. Share your definitions with the other students in the class or through the discussion board. 4. Review others’ definitions of nanoscience and nanotechnology. 5. Discuss your definitions and, as a group, reach a consensus on a definition for each term. (Do not use the definitions used in this lesson. Come up with your own. ) 6. Submit your activity results to your instructor. UNM NanoTechnology Definitions_AC_PG_031912 Definitions Nanoscience vs.Nanotechnology AC_PG Page 1 of 1 Post-Activ ity Questions / Answers 1. List at least two examples, experiments or discoveries that would fall under your definition of nanoscience. 2. List at least two examples, experiments, or developments that would fall under your definition of nanotechnology. 3. Is there a clear dividing line between nanoscience and nanotechnology? Support your answer with examples. Summary This activity allowed you to further your understanding of nanoscience vs. nanotechnology and identify examples of each. This work has been funded through the support of a National Science Foundation grant, DUE #UNM NanoTechnology Definitions_AC_PG_031912 Definitions Nanoscience vs. Nanotechnology AC_PG Page 2 of 2 UNM NanoTechnology Definitions_AC_PG_031912 Cut To Size Activity IG Page 3 of 3 This quiz must be taken before the first class meeting. Online quiz: Knowledge Probe – Nanoscience vs. nanotechnology 1. Nanoscience a. Develops means by which to manipulate particles at the molecular level b. Develops the systems for studying particles at the molecular level c. Studies the properties of particles at the molecular level d. Studies the formation of particles at the molecular level 2. Nanotechnology a.Develops means by which to manipulate particles at the molecular level b. Develops the systems for studying particles at the molecular level c. Studies the properties of particles at the molecular level d. Studies the formation of particles at the molecular level 3. For each of the following, identify it as either nanoscience or nanotechnology a. The exploitation of the properties of self-assembly i. Nanoscience ii. Nanotechnology b. The study of the rules that govern material properties at the nanoscale i. Nanoscience ii. Nanotechnology c. The development of liposome vesicles into drug delivery systems i.Nanoscience ii. Nanotechnology d. The design of a process that yields hydrophobic films i. Nanoscience ii. Nanotechnology e. The identification of the molecular design of hydrophobic mate rials i. Nanoscience ii. Nanotechnology 4. Nanotechnology ____________________ the findings of nanoscience. a. Validates b. Exploits c. Manipulates d. Clarifies 5. Which of the following is a job requirement for a technologist working for a nanotechnology company? a. Operate commercial-scale production equipment to produce, test, or modify materials, devices for the purpose of understanding their chemical and physical properties. b.Research and manipulate structures at the atomic and subatomic level for the purpose of understanding their hydrophobic characteristics. c. Experiment with and modify processes for the development of new energy producing products using nano-size particles. UNM NanoTechnology Quiz1-science_tech_PG_030112 Nanoscience vs. Nanotechnology IG Page 1 of 1 Post-Discussion Quiz – Nanoscience vs. nanotechnology 1. Nanotechnology is the manipulation of matter at the nanoscale for the purpose of a. Discovering new physical properties b. Analyzing how molecules react to each other c. Proving or disproving established theories d.Creating new products or applications 2. For each of the following, identify it as either nanoscience or nanotechnology a. The study of the rules that govern material properties at the nanoscale i. Nanoscience ii. Nanotechnology b. The development of liposome vesicles into drug delivery systems i. Nanoscience ii. Nanotechnology c. The exploitation of the properties of self-assembly i. Nanoscience ii. Nanotechnology d. The identification of the molecular design of hydrophobic materials i. Nanoscience ii. Nanotechnology e. The design of a process that yields hydrophobic films i. Nanoscience ii.Nanotechnology 3. Which of the following statements is TRUE? a. Nanotechnology enables the advancement of nanoscience. b. Nanoscience enables the advancement of nanotechnology. c. Nanoscience exploits the properties of nanoparticles for human gain. d. Nanotechnology is the study and discovery of the properties of matter in the nanoscale. 4. Which of the following is a job requirement for a technologist working for a nanotechnology company? a. Operate commercial-scale production equipment to produce, test, or modify materials, devices for the purpose of understanding their chemical and physical properties. b.Research and manipulate structures at the atomic and subatomic level for the purpose of understanding their hydrophobic characteristics. c. Experiment with and modify processes for the development of new energy producing products using nano-size particles. 5. Which of the following questions would be answered by a technologist versus a scientist? a. What is needed to create a hydrophobic surface? b. How do our lungs extract oxygen from air? c. Why don’t plants stay green year round? d. What is the melting temperature of nano-particles of gold? UNM NanoTechnology Quiz2-science_tech_PG_030112 Nanoscience vs. Nanotechnology IG Page 1 of 1

Fast Food Essay

Fast food is the term given to food that can be prepared and served very quickly. While any meal with low preparation time can be considered to be fast food, typically the term refers to food sold in a restaurant or store with preheated or precooked ingredients, and served to the customer in a packaged form for take-out/take-away. The term â€Å"fast food† was recognized in a dictionary by Merriam–Webster in 1951. Outlets may be stands or kiosks, which may provide no shelter or seating, or fast food restaurants (also known as quick service restaurants). Franchise operations which are part of restaurant chains have standardized foodstuffs shipped to each restaurant from central locations. Defination of Fast Food ?Food that can be prepared and served very quickly ?Any meal with low preparation time can be considered ?Food sold with preheated or precooked ingredients. The first fast food restaurants originated in the United States with A&W in 1916 and White Castle, founded by Billy Ingram and Walter Anderson in Wichita, Kansas in 1921, is generally credited with opening the second fast food outlet and first hamburger chain, selling hamburgers McDonald’s and KFC are multinational corporations with outlets across the globe. The United States has the largest fast food industry in the world, and American fast food restaurants are located in over 100 countries. Approximately 2 million U. S. workers are employed in the areas of food preparation and food servicing including fast food in the USA. Famous Fast Food Brands From America (TOP 10) LINK: http://cuclife. com/famous-brand/Fast-food/list_711_1. html (Photo Use) 1. Burger King 2. Burger King 3. Taco Bell 4. Arby’s 5. Wendy’s 6. White Castle 7. Kentucky Fried Chicken 8. Pizza Hut 9. Chick-fil-A 10. Subway History of Fast Food Culture Significant Events in the US Fast Food Industry 1916: The first low-cost limited menu high-speed hamburger restaurant called White Castle opens in Wichita KS. 1921: White Castle opens its first restaurant selling hamburgers for 50 cents. 1940: The first McDonald’s store Established. 1951: The term fast food is recognized in the Merriam-Webster Dictionary. 1967: McDonald’s opens its first restaurant outside the United States 1971: The first Starbucks store opens in Seattle 2002: McDonald’s cuts back on trans fat on its French fries by 48%. 2005: McDonald’s mascot Ronald ranks 2nd in the top-10 advertising icons of the 20th century. 2006: According to an estimate, Americans spend nearly $142 billion on fast food. Development of Fast Food Industry Restaurants have been around in some form for most of human civilization. But they usually catered to travelers. As far back as ancient Greece and Rome, inns and taverns generally served food to people who had a reason to be away from home. This trend continued until relatively recently. Although taverns and coffee houses were popular places to gather and share beverages in the 17th century, the idea of eating out for fun didn’t take off in Western society until the late 18th century. Although McDonald’s was the first restaurant to use the assembly-line system, some people think of White Castle as the first fast-food chain. White Castle was founded in 1921 in Wichita, Kansas. At the time, most people considered the burgers sold at fairs, circuses, lunch counters and carts to be low-quality. Many people thought hamburger came from slaughterhouse scraps and spoiled meat. White Castle’s founders decided to change the public’s perception of hamburgers. They built their restaurants so that customers could see the food being prepared. They painted the buildings white and even chose a name that suggested cleanliness. White Castle was most popular in the American East and Midwest, but its success helped give hamburger meat a better reputation nationwide. So, like cars, White Castle played an important part in the development of fast food. The McDonald brothers opened their redesigned restaurant in 1948, and several fast-food chains that exist today opened soon after. Burger King and Taco Bell got their start in the 1950s, and Wendy’s opened in 1969. Some chains, like Carl’s Jr. , KFC and Jack in the Box, existed before the Speedee Service System, but modified their cooking techniques after its debut. McDonald’s, which started it all, is now the world’s largest fast-food chain. According to the National Restaurant Association, American sales of fast food totaled $163. 5 billion in 2005. The industry is growing globally as well. Total sales for McDonald’s grew 5. 6 percent in 2005, and the company now has 30,000 franchised stores in more than 120 countries. However, McDonald’s – and fast food in general – does not always get a welcoming reception around the world. McDonald’s restaurants have been attacked in several countries, including the United States, China, Belgium, Holland, India, Russia, Sweden and the U. K. Protestors have accused McDonald’s and other chains of selling unhealthy food, marketing aggressively to children and undermining local values and culture. Reason why the Fast Food Industry can be so Successful ?Cheap ?Fast (Convenience) ?Tasty ?Change in lifestyle (Working Long Hours, Busy Life, Rapid Paces) ? Child-Friendly Atmosphere (E. g. Toys) ?Franchising Scheme (E. g. McDonald’s) Variants: How the fast food culture in America influence the whole world.

Effects of discrimination Essay

Discrimination against children may have a great impact on their self-esteem and self-worth. They may find life very lonely and develop trust issues; this could affect the child throughout their whole life. A child with low self-esteem will often give up on a task earlier than other children or may not want to participate at all because they fear that they won’t be able to achieve it. There are four types of discrimination, these are; Direct: this is where a person is told they are unable to do something because of their colour, race, religion or sex. Indirect: this would be excluding people from taking part by making rules or practices that affect them negatively for example displaying pictures which only include white children and not multicultural children. Institutional: occurs when the policies, systems and procedures in a setting discriminate against a group or groups of people. This happens because the systems and processes were designed without taking into account the diverse needs of groups within the community in relation to their race, disability or gender resulting in some children being treated differently. Individual: where one person views lead to the unfair treatment of another person. Children can be discriminated against because of racism and cultural differences, their gender, abilities or the way they look, for example my child has Nystagmus which is an involuntary eye movement so when he is trying to focus on things his eyes move from side to side, so when he goes to school he may be discriminated against because he maybe need special equipment to help him in his learning so he can achieve everything possible. Parents can be discriminated against because of their age, lifestyles, parent values, education or income, for example they may not look as wealthy as some of the other parents but this doesn’t mean they are any less educated or any less of a good parent. ensure settings are welcoming, non-threatening and fun places to be, where children and their families are valued because of their differences. Stereotyping and discriminating can lead to bullying from a young age that children can then carry on into adulthood. There are many ways in which people could be stereotyped, some of these can include stereotyping against boys and girls, girls are not good at sports; boys shouldn’t play with dolls or dress up. Cultures all Arabs and Muslims are terrorists, all white Americans are obese, lazy and dim witted. Groups of individuals Goths wear black clothes, black makeup, are depressed and hated by society, girls are only concerned about physical appearance, and all blondes are unintelligent. In the Oxford dictionary it stated that the unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people, especially on the grounds of race, age, or sex:victims of racial discrimination. This quote is from http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/discrimination 20th September 2013 Anti-discriminatory means action taken to prevent discrimination against people on the grounds of race, class, gender or disability. Anti-discriminatory practice promotes equality by introducing anti-discrimination policies in the setting As an early years practitioner it is our responsibility to support children to develop ideas of equality, in doing this the children will grow up less likely to be prejudice. Children are not born with these attitudes they learn from adults. You should show positive role models by having books/posters/toys which show different ethnic persuasion/religions/people and books and male and females in equal roles (i.e male nurse/female nurse. Male builder/female builder. Black policeman/white policeman. Disabled teacher/non-disabled teacher Each child is an individual and has different needs but should all be treated equally by making sure that all children are included in activities for example making Christmas cards, if a parents wishes were that their child doesn’t celebrate other religions you must accept their decision and should adapt the activity so that the child can join in, so you could suggest that the child creates a winter scene or snowman card so that they still feel included, valued and have a positive sense of identity. Parents should be made aware of who is who and each staff members job role, a noticeboard with a photo of each member of staff, and their job description would be a good way for parents to become familiar with members of staff. Each child should be assigned a keyworker; parents should be made aware of who their child’s keyworker is, as this is the person the parent would liais e with regarding their child. If their child has any special requirements for example diet requirements, medical needs or any other relevant information in which the setting may need to be made aware of then the keyworker is the person that should be informed of this important information. The keyworker is also the person responsible for monitoring the child’s development and activities the child has participated in. Parents should be invited to support their child by attending parent’s evenings this will enable parents and keyworkers to discuss the child’s learning and development in more detail and for either party to voice any concerns they may be having regarding the child. Another way to involve the parents would be to hold school events, assemblies and sports events.

Economic cost of illegal migration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Economic cost of illegal migration - Essay Example This statistics clearly mentions the height of immigration and its effect on the Americans. Surely, Mexican's will be benefited, if the immigration is allowed into United States because another research states that after export and oil sales, money sent by legal and illegal immigrants working in US is one of the largest revenue streams ('Economic Costs of Legal and Illegal Immigration'). World economic welfare will be severely affected as the nation which donates good amount towards welfare will have to divert its fund towards those immigrants. Economic welfare in the context of immigrants is to provide economic stability and growth to all the legal and illegal immigrants. 2) Monetary Union is a union between countries that use the same currency which is managed by one common central bank (Grauve, 113). Following are the monetary unions which are currently functioning: b) Brunei - Singapore Monetary Union: The currency under operation is Singapore dollar which is utilized by Brunei and Malaysia. Under tripartite arrangement, the currency of one country was circulated in other country (Kee Jin, 2). c) South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation: The SAARC was established in 1985 integrating common currency of 'Rupee' among South Asian countries like Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. d) The United States: This monetary union was formed with the congregation of 13 original US colonies utilizing US dollar as the common currency. e) Central American Monetary Union Council - Established in 1964 by the central banks of Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicargua in order to promote the coordination of credit and exchange policies and the countries deal in dollar f) Eastern Caribbean Central Bank: The union was created in 1983 managing EC dollar for eight Caribbean countries. g) West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU): WAEMU was formed in 1994 with the congregation of eight countries sharing CFA (Communaute Financiere Africaine) Franc as a common currency. h) Central African Economic and Monetary Community (CAEMC): Was formed with six countries sharing CFA (Cooperation Financiere en Afrique Centrale)Franc as common currency among them (Monetary Unions [Current and Future]). 3) Both, the products of Borden and General Foods are targeted younger generation. The Lady Borden ice cream and cheese has been created to provide them a glimpse of United States culture, their tastes and preference through the packing of cheese whereas the chewing gum ad campaign is made for French citizens which is visible in the ad campaign wherein most of the ads are shot at beach places. France has good number of beaches and the chewing gum spreads the message of refreshness through Hollywood chewing gum. 4) The services provided by IMF and World Bank are public goods as both the organizations deal in urban and rural development, financial assistance and other development programmes aimed at poverty alleviation. The services provi

Management seminar Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 9

Management seminar - Essay Example Where, if the firm uses employees from its country all through, the company will not impress the rest of the world. However, with outsourcing, the world feels appreciated because it provides opportunities for all people and this increases the market share globally (Sparrow, 2009). On the other hand, outsourcing is a disadvantage to the home people of the company who lose the opportunities occupied by the foreigners. In other words, the local people of the country the company is located lose their jobs and this leads to creating a recession in the domestic economy. Another problem related to outsourcing is that the overseas employees have experienced a problem of not being able to communicate effectively with the U.S customers due to difficult accents and problems of miscommunication. Finally, the emerging economies where outsourcing is done face tremendous energy shortages with the power outages done frequently (Blackman, Freedman & Levy, 2004). Sweatshops refer to the overseas manufacturing facilities of a company where the conditions of labor are not up to the satisfactory level as per the international labor standards. Long working hours, unsafe working condition, and abuse of the employees and lack of labor rights characterize the practices against the standards. The employees working in the facilities are tremendously exploited. In fact, most of the products manufactured in the facilities require repetitive kind of labor. Sweatshops exist for they provide a number of economic advantages to the multinational firms and to the host employees. Creating of the domestic employment and establishment of local infrastructures in the host countries helps to enhance the local economies of the countries. The employees working in the sweatshops are desperate because most of them do not have education or the required skills to get any form of

Third Movement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Third Movement - Essay Example Its striking beginning, arising harmonic sequence left hanging on a high dominant seventh, aside the end in B minor, is encompassed by a "galloping" rhythm, emphasizing on the melodic line on the first and third beats of each half-measure outlines of the fifth through eighth level of a harmonic minor scale. The overall melody entrenched in the minor tonic have the contribution of the mood in this primary section being dark. More successful second theme in B major, returning twice in the movement's A B A B A form, appears moderately suddenly at the conclusion of the first eventually rising during fleet fingered runs over a left hand melody. It tumbles back to a dramatic interpretation of the main theme in both of its appearance. The third movement was written around a funeral march two years before it was finished and resulted in being the third of the four-movement cycle. Chopin was more interested in the funeral march more than any other composer and inserted the fundamentals of the funeral march into his other work of art. Both the C-minor prologue from OP.28 and the slow introduction to the F minor fantasy, op 49 are frank funeral marches. The nocturnal OP 48 no1 and OP55NO1are clearly marked by the trait of the funeral marches. The slow movement follows the scherzo in the B flat minor sonata. The sonata with a Marcia's funebre as one of its movement of funeral march was Chopin's favorite. He played it, taught it and scrutinized its configuration for his apprentice more than he did any other of Beethoven sonata. In this third movement funeral March is complete with the lento interlude in D flat major. When the Chopin's funeral march is actually played in a funeral march, only the part in B flat minor is used. This funeral march made use of in brass as described has become a popular background such as in the video games. It was also used at the state funeral of President Kennedy, funeral of soviet leaders and Chopin's funeral. Fourth movement this is the fourth movement of the four cycle movements by Chopin also referred to the finale. It is the most magnificent piece of work that Chopin ever came up with. In this movement, it involves the use of both hands, which come in parallel octaves. This can be attested by his OP28 preface in E flat minor. But the prelude monophonic line actually forms a melody with a broken chord accompaniment base, while the sonata finale consists of a zigzag flamboyant single line. The texture is not idiomatic for keyboard .It sounds more like a piece for an unaccompanied cello. Chopin was well versed with the cello repertoire. In Warsaw he was captivated by the playing of Joseph mark whom he devoted his introduction and pnonaise brilliante for cello and piano OP3. The resemblance of its nature to that of unaccompanied cello and the elaborate structure of the melodic line point to Bachs suite for solo cello as one possible source of inspiration. More particularly the preludes from bachs suites in D major for solo cello is similar pertnum mobile of four quaver triplet per bar and one of its most frequency repeated object bears s striking resemblance to the primary theme from the first movement of the Chopin's sonata. A descending hexachord between the third and fifth scale is also a very important figure in the basch preface. Hexachord in either quavers extension is one of the principal motives of the fourth movement. It also involves the improvisory monadic lines where by these parallels